MyBatis:动态SQL

  • Mybatis框架的动态SQL技术是一种根据特定条件动态拼装SQL语句的功能,它存在的意义是为了解决拼接SQL语句字符串时的痛点问题

1.if标签

  • if标签可通过test属性(即传递过来的数据)的表达式进行判断,若表达式的结果为true,则标签中的内容会执行;反之标签中的内容不会执行

  • 在where后面添加一个恒成立条件1=1

  • 这个恒成立条件并不会影响查询的结果

    • 这个1=1可以用来拼接and语句,例如:当empName为null时

    • 如果不加上恒成立条件,则SQL语句为select * from t_emp where and age = ? and sex = ? and email = ?,此时where会与and连用,SQL语句会报错

      • 如果加上一个恒成立条件,则SQL语句为select * from t_emp where 1= 1 and age = ? and sex = ? and email = ?,此时不报错

   List<Emp> getEmpByCondition(Emp emp);

 

 

    <!--List<Emp> getEmpByCondition();-->
    <select id="getEmpByCondition" resultType="Emp">
        select * from t_emp where 1=1
        <if test="empName != null and empName !=''">
            and emp_name = #{empName}
        </if>
        <if test="email !=null and email !='' ">
            and email = #{email}
        </if>
    </select>

2. where标签:

  • 当where标签中有内容时,会自动生成where关键字,并且将内容前面多余的and和or去掉
  • 当where标签中没有内容时,此时where标签没有任何效果
  • 注意:where标签不能将其中内容后面多余的and和or去掉
    <!--List<Emp> getEmpByConditionOne();-->
    <select id="getEmpByConditionOne" resultType="Emp">
        select * from t_emp
        <where>
            <if test="empName != null and empName !=''">
                and emp_name = #{empName}
            </if>
            <if test="email !=null and email !='' ">
                and email = #{email}
            </if>
        </where>
    </select>

3. trim标签

<!--List<Emp> getEmpByCondition(Emp emp);-->
<select id="getEmpByCondition" resultType="Emp">
	select * from t_emp
	<trim prefix="where" suffixOverrides="and|or">
		<if test="empName != null and empName !=''">
			emp_name = #{empName} and
		</if>
		<if test="age != null and age !=''">
			age = #{age} and
		</if>
		<if test="sex != null and sex !=''">
			sex = #{sex} or
		</if>
		<if test="email != null and email !=''">
			email = #{email}
		</if>
	</trim>
</select>
//测试类
@Test
public void getEmpByCondition() {
	SqlSession sqlSession = SqlSessionUtils.getSqlSession();
	DynamicSQLMapper mapper = sqlSession.getMapper(DynamicSQLMapper.class);
	List<Emp> emps= mapper.getEmpByCondition(new Emp(null, "张三", null, null, null, null));
	System.out.println(emps);
}

 

4.choose  when  otherwise

  • 相当于 if.....else....if....else
  • when至少要有一个,otherwise至多只有一个

when标签中,有一个满足,将满足的when标签内容拼接,不在继续往下执行,如果when都不满足,就拼接otherwise中的语句

    <!-- List<Emp> getEmpByChoose(Emp emp);-->
    <select id="getEmpByChoose" resultType="Emp">
        select * from t_emp
       <where>
            <choose>
                <when test="empName != null and empName !=''">
                     emp_name = #{empName}
                </when>
                <when test="email !=null and email !='' ">
                     email = #{email}
                </when>
                <otherwise>
                    did = 1
                </otherwise>
            </choose>
        </where>
    </select>

 5.  foreach标签

批量删除操作

 

属性:

  • collection:设置要循环的数组或集合

  • item:表示集合或数组中的每一个数据

  • separator:设置循环体之间的分隔符,分隔符前后默认有一个空格,如,
  • open:设置foreach标签中的内容的开始符
  • close:设置foreach标签中的内容的结束符
<!--int deleteMoreByArray(@Param("eids") Integer[] eids);-->
<delete id="deleteMoreByArray">
	delete from t_emp where eid in
	<foreach collection="eids" item="eid" separator="," open="(" close=")">
		#{eid}
	</foreach>
</delete>
@Test
public void deleteMoreByArray() {
	SqlSession sqlSession = SqlSessionUtils.getSqlSession();
	DynamicSQLMapper mapper = sqlSession.getMapper(DynamicSQLMapper.class);
	int result = mapper.deleteMoreByArray(new Integer[]{6, 7, 8, 9});
	System.out.println(result);
}

 

第二种写法:

    <delete id="deletMoreByArray">
        delete from t_emp where
        <foreach collection="eids" item="eid" separator="or">
            eid=#{eid}
        </foreach>
    </delete>

此写法对应的sql语句为

 

delete from t_emp where eid=?or  eid=?or  eid=?

 批量添加操作

```xml
<!--int insertMoreByList(@Param("emps") List<Emp> emps);-->
<insert id="insertMoreByList">
	insert into t_emp values
	<foreach collection="emps" item="emp" separator=",">
		(null,#{emp.empName},#{emp.age},#{emp.sex},#{emp.email},null)
	</foreach>
</insert>
```
```java
@Test
public void insertMoreByList() {
	SqlSession sqlSession = SqlSessionUtils.getSqlSession();
	DynamicSQLMapper mapper = sqlSession.getMapper(DynamicSQLMapper.class);
	Emp emp1 = new Emp(null,"a",1,"男","123@321.com",null);
	Emp emp2 = new Emp(null,"b",1,"男","123@321.com",null);
	Emp emp3 = new Emp(null,"c",1,"男","123@321.com",null);
	List<Emp> emps = Arrays.asList(emp1, emp2, emp3);
	int result = mapper.insertMoreByList(emps);
	System.out.println(result);
}
```

 

6.sql标签

  • sql片段,可以记录一段公共sql片段,在使用的地方通过include标签进行引入

  • 声明sql片段:<sql>标签

<sql id="empColumns">eid,emp_name,age,sex,email</sql>
  • 引用sql片段:<include>标签.

<!--List<Emp> getEmpByCondition(Emp emp);-->
<select id="getEmpByCondition" resultType="Emp">
	select <include refid="empColumns"></include> from t_emp
</select>

 

 

 

 

 

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